Ke lik'hamphani life tse hlahisitseng khauta e ngata ka ho fetisisa ka 2022? Lintlha tse tsoang ho Refinitiv li bontša hore Newmont, Barrick Gold le Agnico Eagle ba nkile libaka tse tharo tse holimo.
Ho sa tsotellehe hore na theko ea khauta e sebetsa joang selemo leha e le sefe, lik'hamphani tse phahameng tsa merafo ea khauta li lula li etsa mehato.
Hona joale, tšepe e mosehla e hlahelletseng - e susumetsoa ke ho eketseha ha theko ea lichelete lefatšeng ka bophara, moferefere oa lipolotiki le tšabo ea ho putlama ha moruo, theko ea khauta e senyehile ho feta US $ 2,000 2023 boemo bo bong ka makhetlo a mangata ka 2023.
Tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha ea khauta hammoho le matšoenyeho a phepelo ea merafo ea khauta e entse hore tšepe e ntlafale lilemong tsa morao tjena, 'me bashebelli ba 'maraka ba shebile lik'hamphani tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng tsa merafo ea khauta ho bona hore na li arabela joang mebarakang ea hajoale.
Ho latela lintlha tsa morao-rao tsa US Geological Survey, tlhahiso ea khauta e eketsehile ka hoo e ka bang liphesente tse 2 ka 2021, le ka liperesente tse 0.32 feela ka 2022. China, Australia le Russia e bile linaha tse tharo tse holimo ho hlahisa khauta selemong se fetileng.
Empa lik'hamphani tse holimo tsa meepo ea khauta ka tlhahiso ea 2022 e ne e le life? Lethathamo le ka tlase le hlophisitsoe ke sehlopha sa Refinitiv, e leng mofani ea ka sehloohong oa limmaraka tsa lichelete. Tsoela pele ho bala ho fumana hore na ke lik'hamphani life tse hlahisitseng khauta e ngata selemong se fetileng.
1. Newmont (TSX:NGT,NYSE:NEM)
Tlhahiso: 185.3 MT
Newmont e ne e le eona e kholo ka ho fetisisa lik'hamphani tse ka sehloohong tsa merafo ea khauta ka 2022. Feme e tšoara mesebetsi ea bohlokoa Amerika Leboea le Boroa, hammoho le Asia, Australia le Afrika. Newmont e hlahisitse 185.3 metric tons (MT) ea khauta ka 2022.
Mathoasong a 2019, mosebetsi oa morafo o ile a fumana Goldcorp ka selekane sa US $ 10 billion; e ile ea latela seo ka ho qala khoebo e kopanetsoeng le Barrick Gold (TSX:ABX,NYSE: GOLD) e bitsoang Nevada Gold Mines; ke liperesente tse 38.5 tsa Newmont mme liperesente tse 61.5 ke tsa Barrick, eo hape e leng mosebeletsi. E nkuoa e le setsi se seholohali sa khauta lefatšeng, Nevada Gold Mines e bile ts'ebetso ea khauta e holimo ka ho fetesisa ka 2022 ka tlhahiso ea 94.2 MT.
Tataiso ea tlhahiso ea khauta ea Newmont bakeng sa 2023 e behiloe ho li-ounces tse limilione tse 5.7 ho isa ho tse 6.3 (161.59 ho isa ho 178.6 MT).
2. Barrick Gold (TSX:ABX,NYSE:GOLD)
Tlhahiso: 128.8 MT
Barrick Gold e dula sebakeng sa bobedi lenaneng lena la bahlahisi ba ka hodimodimo ba kgauta. Khamphani e ntse e sebetsa ka pele ho M&A lilemong tse hlano tse fetileng - ntle le ho kopanya thepa ea eona ea Nevada le Newmont ka 2019, k'hamphani e koetse ho fumana ha eona Randgold Resources selemong se fetileng.
Nevada Gold Mines ha se letlotlo feela la Barrick leo e leng tshebetso ya kgauta e hlahisang haholo. Khamphani e kholo ea khauta e boetse e na le morafo oa Pueblo Viejo oa Dominican Republican le morafo oa Loulo-Gounkoto naheng ea Mali, o hlahisitseng 22.2 MT le 21.3 MT, ka ho latellana, ea tšepe e mosehla ka 2022.
Tlalehong ea eona ea selemo le selemo ea 2022, Barrick e hlokomela hore tlhahiso ea eona ea khauta ea selemo kaofela e ne e le tlase hanyane ho feta tataiso ea eona e boletsoeng bakeng sa selemo, e nyolohang hanyane ka liperesente tse 7 ho tloha boemong ba selemo se fetileng. Khampani e boletse hore khaello ena e bakiloe ke tlhahiso e tlase ea Turquoise Ridge ka lebaka la liketsahalo tsa tlhokomelo e sa reroang, le Hemlo ka lebaka la phallo ea metsi ea nakoana e ileng ea ama tlhahiso ea merafo. Barrick e behile tataiso ea eona ea tlhahiso ea 2023 ho li-ounces tse limilione tse 4.2 ho isa ho tse 4.6 (119.1 ho isa ho 130.4 MT).
3 Agnico Eagle Mines (TSX:AEM,NYSE:AEM)
Tlhahiso: 97.5 MT
Agnico Eagle Mines e hlahisitse 97.5 MT ea khauta ka 2022 ho nka sebaka sa boraro lethathamong lena la lik'hamphani tse 10 tse holimo tsa khauta. Khamphani e na le merafo e 11 e sebetsang Canada, Australia, Finland le Mexico, ho kenyeletsoa le 100% ea beng ba merafo e 'meli e holimo lefatšeng e hlahisang khauta - morafo oa Canadian Malartic o Quebec le morafo oa Detour Lake o Ontario - oo e o fumaneng ho Yamana Gold. (TSX:YRI,NYSE:AUY) mathoasong a 2023.
Moepo oa khauta oa Canada o fihletse tlhahiso ea selemo le selemo ka 2022, hape a eketsa polokelo ea eona ea liminerale tsa khauta ka liperesente tse 9 ho isa ho li-ounces tse limilione tse 48.7 tsa khauta (limilione tse 1.19 tsa MT tse etsang ligrama tse 1.28 ka khauta ea MT). Tlhahiso ea eona ea khauta bakeng sa 2023 e lebelletsoe ho fihla ho limilione tse 3.24 ho isa ho li-ounces tse limilione tse 3.44 (91.8 ho isa ho 97.5 MT). Ho ipapisitsoe le merero ea eona ea katoloso ea nako e haufi, Agnico Eagle e bolela esale pele maemo a tlhahiso a limilione tse 3.4 ho isa ho li-ounces tse limilione tse 3.6 (96.4 ho isa ho 102.05 MT) ka 2025.
4. AngloGold Ashanti (NYSE:AU,ASX:AGG)
Tlhahiso: 85.3 MT
E hlahang boemong ba bone lethathamong lena le holimo la lik'hamphani tsa merafo ea khauta ke AngloGold Ashanti, e hlahisitseng 85.3 MT ea khauta ka 2022. Khampani ea Afrika Boroa e na le mesebetsi ea khauta e robong linaheng tse supileng ho pholletsa le lik'honthinente tse tharo, hammoho le merero e mengata ea lipatlisiso lefatšeng ka bophara. Morafo oa khauta oa AngloGold's Kibali (e kopanetsoe le Barrick e le moetsi) naheng ea Democratic Republic of Congo ke morafo oa bohlano o moholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng, kaha o hlahisitse 23.3 MT ea khauta ka 2022.
Ka 2022, k'hamphani e ile ea eketsa tlhahiso ea eona ea khauta ka liperesente tse 11 ho feta 2021, e fihla qetellong ea tataiso ea eona ea selemo. Tataiso ea eona ea tlhahiso ea 2023 e behiloe ho limilione tse 2.45 ho isa ho li-ounces tse limilione tse 2.61 (69.46 ho isa ho 74 MT).
5. Polyus (LSE:PLZL,MCX:PLZL)
Tlhahiso: 79 MT
Polyus e hlahisitse 79 MT ea khauta ka 2022 ho nka sebaka sa bohlano har'a lik'hamphani tse 10 tse holimo tsa meepo ea khauta. Ke mohlahisi e moholo ka ho fetisisa oa khauta naheng ea Russia 'me e na le pokello ea khauta e phahameng ka ho fetisisa e netefalitsoeng le e ka etsahalang lefatšeng ka bophara ka li-ounces tse fetang limilione tse 101.
Polyus e na le merafo e tšeletseng e sebetsang e fumanehang Siberia Bochabela le Bochabela bo Hōle ba Russia, ho kenyeletsoa Olimpiada, e boemong ba merafo ea boraro e meholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng ea khauta ka tlhahiso. Khamphani e lebelletse ho hlahisa li-ounces tse ka bang limilione tse 2.8 ho isa ho tse 2.9 (79.37 ho isa ho 82.21 MT) tsa khauta ka 2023.
6. Gold Fields (NYSE:GFI)
Tlhahiso: 74.6 MT
Gold Fields e tla ka palo ea botšelela bakeng sa 2022 ka tlhahiso ea khauta bakeng sa selemo ea kakaretso ea 74.6 MT. Khampani ke mohlahisi oa khauta oa lefatše ka bophara o nang le merafo e robong e sebetsang Australia, Chile, Peru, Afrika Bophirimela le Afrika Boroa.
Haufinyane tjena Gold Fields le AngloGold Ashanti li ile tsa ikopanya ho kopanya thepa ea bona ea boithuto ea Ghana le ho theha seo lik'hamphani li reng e tla ba morafo o moholo oa khauta Afrika. Khoebo e kopanetsoeng e na le monyetla oa ho hlahisa karolelano ea selemo ea 900,000 ounces (kapa 25.51 MT) ea khauta lilemong tse hlano tse qalang.
Tataiso ea tlhahiso ea k'hamphani bakeng sa 2023 e maemong a limilione tse 2.25 ho isa ho li-ounces tse limilione tse 2.3 (63.79 ho isa ho 65.2 MT). Palo ena ha e kenyeletse tlhahiso ho tsoa khoebong e kopanetsoeng ea Gold Fields ea Asanko naheng ea Ghana.
7. Kinross Gold (TSX:K,NYSE:KGC)
Tlhahiso: 68.4 MT
Kinross Gold e na le mesebetsi e tšeletseng ea merafo ho pholletsa le Amerika (Brazil, Chile, Canada le US) le Afrika Bochabela (Mauritania). Meepo ea eona e meholo ka ho fetisisa e hlahisang ke morafo oa khauta oa Tasiast o Mauritania le morafo oa khauta oa Paracatu o Brazil.
Ka 2022, Kinross e hlahisitse 68.4 MT ea khauta, eo e neng e le keketseho ea selemo le selemo ea 35% ho tloha boemong ba eona ba tlhahiso ea 2021. Khamphani e boletse hore keketseho ena e bakoa ke ho qala bocha le ho nyolla tlhahiso morafong oa La Coipa naheng ea Chile, hammoho le tlhahiso e phahameng ea Tasiast kamora ho qalella ha ts'ebetso ea ho sila e neng e emisitsoe ka nakoana selemong se fetileng.
8. Newcrest Mining (TSX:NCM,ASX:NCM)
Tlhahiso: 67.3 MT
Newcrest Mining e hlahisitse 67.3 MT ea khauta ka 2022. Khampani ea Australia e sebetsa ka kakaretso ea merafo e mehlano ho pholletsa le Australia, Papua New Guinea le Canada. Morafo oa eona oa khauta oa Lihir o Papua New Guinea ke morafo oa bosupa o moholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng ka tlhahiso.
Ho ea ka Newcrest, e na le e 'ngoe ea lihlopha tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa polokelo ea khauta lefatšeng. Kaha ho hakanngoa hore li-ounces tse limilione tse 52 tsa mabenyane a khauta, bophelo ba eona ba polokelo ke lilemo tse ka bang 27. Khampani ea pele e hlahisang khauta lethathamong lena, Newmont, e entse tlhahiso ea ho kopana le Newcrest ka Hlakola; selekane se ile sa koaloa ka katleho ka November.
9. Freeport-McMoRan (NYSE:FCX)
Tlhahiso: 56.3 MT
E tsebahala haholo ka tlhahiso ea eona ea koporo, Freeport-McMoRan e hlahisitse 56.3 MT ea khauta ka 2022. Boholo ba tlhahiso eo bo tsoa morafong oa k'hamphani oa Grasberg oa Indonesia, o boemong ba bobeli ba khauta lefatšeng ka bophara ka tlhahiso.
Liphethong tsa eona tsa Q3 tsa selemo sena, Freeport-McMoRan e bolela hore mesebetsi ea nako e telele ea ntlafatso ea morafo e ntse e tsoela pele sebakeng sa Grasberg's Kucing Liar deposit. Khamphani e lebelletse hore depositi e tla hlahisa liponto tse fetang limilione tse 6 tsa koporo le li-ounces tse limilione tse 6 tsa khauta (kapa 170.1 MT) lipakeng tsa 2028 le pheletso ea 2041.
10. Zijin Mining Group (SHA:601899)
Zijin Mining Group e phethela lethathamo la lik'hamphani tsa khauta tsa 10 tse holimo ka tlhahiso ea 55.9 MT ea khauta ka 2022. Setsi sa mefuta e fapaneng sa tšepe sa k'hamphani se kenyelletsa matlotlo a supileng a tlhahiso ea khauta Chaena, le tse ling tse 'maloa libakeng tse ruileng tsa khauta tse kang Papua New Guinea le Australia. .
Ka 2023, Zijin e ile ea hlahisa moralo oa eona o ntlafalitsoeng oa lilemo tse tharo ho fihlela ka 2025, hammoho le lipheo tsa eona tsa ntlafatso tsa 2030, e 'ngoe ea tsona ke ho nyolla maemo ho ba mohlahisi ea kaholimo ho ba bararo ho isa ho ba bahlano ba khauta le koporo.
E ngotsoe ke Melissa PistilliNov. La 21, 2023 02:00PM PST
Nako ea poso: Dec-01-2023